New Voices
Volume 6
A Journal for Emerging Scholars of Japanese Studies in Australia and New Zealand
ISSN 2204-194X
Editor, Volume 6
Dr Katrina Moore, University of New South Wales
Editorial Advisory Board (in alphabetical order)
Dr Olivier Ansart, University of Sydney
Dr Misuzu Hanihara Chow, Macquarie University Emeritus Professor Hugh Clarke, University of Sydney
Professor William Coaldrake, University of Tokyo
Emeritus Professor Nanette Gottlieb, University of Queensland
Professor Henry Johnson, University of Otago
Dr Jun Ohashi, University of Melbourne
Dr Yuji Sone, Macquarie University
Dr Rebecca Suter, University of Sydney
Honorary Associate Professor Elise K Tipton, University of Sydney
Dr Yasuhisa Watanabe, University of Melbourne
Associate Professor Stephen Wearing, University of Technology, Sydney
Series Editors
Sayuri Tokuman, Manager, Japanese Studies and Intellectual Exchange, The Japan Foundation, Sydney
Elicia O’Reilly, Program Coordinator, The Japan Foundation, Sydney
Copy Editors
Elicia O’Reilly, Program Coordinator, The Japan Foundation, Sydney
Matthew Todd, Assistant Program Coordinator, The Japan Foundation, Sydney
All submissions to New Voices are peer reviewed by a board of independent academic experts to meet the HERDC requirements for refereed journal status. This and other volumes are available for download via the New Voices website and the Directory of Open Access Journals.
www.newvoices.org.au | www.doaj.org
The views expressed in this journal are those of the authors, and do not necessarily coincide with those of the editors, the members of the Editorial Advisory Board or The Japan Foundation, Sydney.
Japanese names are written in first name—surname order, in accordance with English-language convention. The long vowel sound in Japanese is indicated by a macron (e.g. kōtsū), unless in common use without (e.g. Tokyo).
Published By
The Japan Foundation, Sydney
Level 4, Central Park
28 Broadway, Chippendale NSW 2008
January 2014
© The Japan Foundation, Sydney, 2014
All material in New Voices, Volume 6 is copyright. Copyright of the article belongs to the author. Copyright of the collection belongs to The Japan Foundation, Sydney. All third-party images have been reproduced with permission and copyright remains with the original copyright holders. Apart from any fair use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this material may be reproduced without the prior permission of The Japan Foundation, Sydney and other copyright holders.